Chapter 1. Manual Introduction
Purpose: Introduce the manual.
Ideas for Content:
Proposed Action:
TAC Comments:
Decision:
Original Ideas for Content
Manual purpose and audience
Include in Chapter 1.
Background (why the manual
was developed)
Include in Chapter 1.
Relevant MS4 Permit
requirements
Include in Chapter 1.
How to use the manual
Include in Chapter 1.
Manual organization
Include in Chapter 1.
Additional Ideas for Content (Survey)
N/A
Chapter 2. Street Sweeping Water Quality Benefits
Purpose: Summarize the impacts that street waste can have on water quality and the benefits street sweeping
can provide to reduce those impacts.
Ideas for Content:
Proposed Action:
TAC Comments:
Decision:
Original Ideas for Content
Literature Synthesis: What is
known and unknown related to
pollutants and street sweeping.
• Sources of street waste
• Physiochemical
characteristics
• Removal efficiency
• Fate and transport
Include in Chapter 2.
• Include information on efficiency
during rain/leaf season.
• When describing pollutant removal
efficiency, make sure to clarify this
is not the same as the change in
runoff water quality. Potentially
include conceptual model diagram.
• Consider pollutant removal
efficiency for pollutants that end up
in air/land/water (whole package –
not just stormwater).
• Electric street sweepers – Include in
Chapter 4.
• Recommend putting the literature
synthesis (supporting information)
in an appendix.
Include in Chapter 2.
Guidance for applying
information to develop program
goals
Include in Chapter 2.
• Move topic on applying the data to
Chapter 3 (to set priorities) and
Chapter 5 (to optimize program
effectiveness).
Move topic on applying the
data to Chapter 3 (to set
priorities) and Chapter 5 (to
optimize program
effectiveness).
Additional benefits for street
sweeping beyond meeting MS4
Permit requirements
Include in Chapter 2.
• Include all the benefits of street
sweeping, water quality and
otherwise. Introduce this content
Include in Chapter 2.
prior to going into the guidance for
applying the information to meet
program objectives.
Additional Ideas for Content (Survey)
Adaptive management: We
need more 6PPD fate &
transport research to know if
street sweeping is effective.
Allowing the particles to sit in
the sun during dry periods may
ozonate the 6PPD out,
sweeping may consolidate
6PPD, fine vs. course sweepers.
Addressed in Chapter
2. Could also be
included in Research
Gaps and
Recommendations
document.
• Address these types of questions in
this Chapter’s literature synthesis.
Include a short description
of 6PPD research and
findings in the literature
synthesis section of
Chapter 2. This topic will
also be included in the
Research Gaps and
Recommendations
document.
The pollution generated by
increased street sweeping
offsets is at odds with the water
quality benefits of increased
street sweeping.
Potentially include in
Chapter 2. TAC –
please comment.
• Street sweeping reduces the
amount of sediment entering catch
basins.
• It’s not clear what the commenter
means by “street sweeping offsets”.
Is the question here whether
increased street sweeping
contributes more pollution than it
removes? If so, perhaps this is
something the literature synthesis
might reveal (if such information
even exists).
• The water quality benefits outweigh
the pollution generated. The
pollution generated may be
negligible from some sweepers
(electric).
Exclude from the manual.
This topic is beyond the
scope and intent of this
manual.
• Consider at least mentioning in the
manual.
Effectiveness of sweeping curb
vs non-curb roads.
Include in Chapter 2
(24 selections as part
of Survey Question 5).
This topic could be
included in Chapter 4
or Chapter 9 instead.
TAC – please
comment.
• This is essentially describing urban
vs rural and the different street
sweeping needs for each area.
• Things to consider: Seasons and
equipment necessary, conditions of
roadways (how well can they
sustain sweeping of different
types), weight bearing capacity of
roadways.
• This is something the literature
synthesis might reveal. If that
proves to be the case, those finding
can inform guidance in the other
chapters (e.g., Chapters 3 & 5).
• Chapter 9 may be a better place for
this topic.
• Potential topic for a future SAM
study. Grade changes, road crown,
and other factors also affect this.
Move this topic to the
literature synthesis section
of Chapter 5. The TAC
comments will help guide
the literature synthesis
about this topic.
Additional Ideas for Content (Stormwater Group Meetings)
Additional benefits: include the
benefits of general waste
management, public safety, and
traffic safety.
Potentially include in
Chapter 2. TAC –
please comment.
• Public health – consider the
different types of roadways/quality
in different economic areas.
• Picking up leaves helps prevent
blocked structures.
• Recommend this chapter discuss all
the benefits of street sweeping.
Public and traffic safety would be
examples of those.
Include in Chapter 2.
• Also include air pollution reduction
from dust and debris from
construction sites.
• Include in chapter.
Chapter 3. Identifying High Priority Street Sweeping Areas
Purpose: Provide guidance to assist Permittees in identifying their specific high priority areas for their street
sweeping program using information from Chapter 2 and available jurisdictional information.
Ideas for Content:
Proposed Action:
TAC Comments:
Decision:
Original Ideas for Content
Literature synthesis
Include in Chapter 3.
• Recommend putting the literature
synthesis (supporting information)
in an appendix.
Literature synthesis
summary will be provided
at the beginning of the
chapter.
Guidance for identifying
priority areas based on permit
and jurisdictional priorities
Include in Chapter 3.
Using data jurisdictions have
available
Include in Chapter 3.
• Revise to using data to inform
setting priorities.
Revise topic to using data to
inform setting priorities.
Supplement data with
literature
Include in Chapter 3.
• Include guidance on how to use
findings from literature reviews to
inform setting priorities.
Revise to using findings
from literature reviews to
inform setting priorities.
Guidance for collecting data to
refine identifying priority areas
Include in Chapter 3.
• Move to Chapter 6.
Move all data collection
topics to Chapter 6. Chapter
3 will describe how to use
the data to refine
identifying priority areas.
Additional Ideas for Content (Survey)
Methods to assess and
prioritize roads (beyond what is
required in the Permit) based
on variables (weight, bus/truck
route, velocity, traffic density,
start/stops).
Include in Chapter 3,
part of Guidance for
identifying priority
areas (28 selections as
part of Survey
Question 5).
Move to Chapter 5.
Sweeping non-street locations
(e.g., parking lots, pathways)
Exclude from manual
(only 13 selections as
part of Survey
Question 5).
• Consider describing sweeping in
areas that are within a jurisdiction’s
MS4. For example, a campus of
municipal buildings owned by the
jurisdiction.
• Draft Permit includes sweeping
parking lots. This should be
included.
• Consider researching and including
new technology for walkways and
pathways.
• Include topic on sweeping parking
lots, but not pathways. At the very
least, cover parking lot sweeping in
Chapter 9.
Include sweeping parking
lots in Chapter 3. Exclude
sweeping pathways.
Additional Ideas for Content (Stormwater Group Meetings)
Prioritized areas beyond the
MS4 Phase II Permit may
include near shore areas and
areas with TMDLs.
Include in Chapter 3.
Other comments:
• Think about where, when, and how
when designing street sweeping
routes. Consider the time of day.
Move to Chapter 5.
Chapter 4. Establishing and Improving New Street Sweeping Programs
Purpose: Provide guidance for starting new or improving existing programs, including guidance for defining
program goals.
Ideas for Content:
Proposed Action:
TAC Comments:
Decision:
Original Ideas for Content
Introduce street sweeping
program elements
Include in Chapter 4.
Right sizing street sweeping
programs
Include in Chapter 4.
Selecting equipment
Include in Chapter 4.
Developing/selecting a
defendable way to assess and
measure program benefits
Include in Chapter 4.
• Include topic in Chapter 4 if it’s
presented in a way that helps
create a framework for content
covered in Chapter 6.
Move to Chapter 5.
Guidance
establishing/organizing multi-
department collaborations that
support street sweeping
programs
Include in Chapter 4.
Additional Ideas for Content (Survey)
Street sweeper size/type vs
cost tradeoff (i.e., a larger
sweeper will make less
dewatering/decant trips but
will cost more to purchase and
operate).
Exclude from manual
(only 16 selections as
part of Survey
Question 5).
• Include short section in equipment
selection section. Include guidance
for selecting hopper size.
• Seems like considerations for
selecting equipment which is
proposed for inclusion above.
• Agree with recommendation to
exclude.
Include a short description
in equipment selection
section of Chapter 4.
Interlocal agreements and
community-based
public/private partnerships.
Exclude from manual
(only 10 selections as
part of Survey
Question 5).
• Consider smaller jurisdictions that
may not be able to afford a
sweeper and local agreements may
make more sense.
• Public/private partnerships could
also be utilized in underserved
communities. Evolving opportunity
worth mentioning.
Include a short section on
interlocal agreements and
public/private partnerships
in Chapter 4. Focus section
on smaller jurisdictions with
less funds.
Parking policies and
enforcement options.
Include in Chapter 4
(21 selections as part
of Survey Question 5).
• When you look into models,
situations like parking that cause
delays are a big issue.
• Consider when is the best time to
sweep (at night compared to
during the day while people are
working).
• Parking enforcement is an equity
issue.
Include in Chapter 4.
Street sweeping program staff
training
Include in Chapter 4 or
Chapter 8 (23
selections as part of
Survey Question 5).
TAC – please comment.
• Include in Chapter 4.
• Define who is responsible for the
training and who will give it. Seems
appropriate to include costs for
training in 8 and content
requirements in 4.
Include staff training in
Chapter 4. Describe costs
for training in Chapter 8.
Methods to effectively sweep
areas that are too narrow for a
full-size sweeper (e.g.,
protected bike lanes)
Exclude from manual
(only 16 selections as
part of Survey
Question 5).
• This is an issue in Seattle – adding
bike lanes that cannot be swept.
• Consider discussing how to
incorporate bike lanes so they can
still be swept.
• Agree with recommendation to
exclude.
Include in Chapter 4.
Overview of sweeping
machines and sweeping
methods/efficiencies (such as
sweeping on a damp day is
more effective to capture
materials).
Already included in
original content.
Include in Chapter 4.
Better understanding about
allowing water to run off of
sweeper in heavy rain season
that happens to fall in the
heaviest leaf season.
Permittees are told we can't
but not one sweeper company
has a filter system built to allow
this.
Potentially add to
Chapter 4. TAC – please
comment.
• Include in Chapter – have
conversation with Ecology.
• This topic should be covered in the
manual as it comes up a lot.
However, it might be more
appropriate to cover in the
literature synthesis proposed for
Chapter 2.
• If the tech isn’t there to do the work
with the equipment on the market,
then why is it a requirement? Would
this meet criteria of a “conditionally
allowable discharge”?
Move to Chapter 5.
Trained Staff (significant issue
due to large amount of
turnover since COVID),
equipment & plans for dealing
with equipment maintenance.
These items are issues for
existing programs.
Staff training and
equipment are already
included in the original
content. Include
equipment
maintenance in
Chapter 4.
• Include in Chapter 4.
Include in Chapter 4.
How to structure the program.
For example, should this be a
collection of SOPs, a written
report, or some other form?
How should it be organized.
Include program
organization in Chapter
Include in Chapter 4.
Handling non-standard curb
lines.
Include in Chapter 4.
• Example: bulb-outs
• Reach out to the City of Lacey for
the list they developed.
Include in Chapter 4.
Additional Ideas for Content (Stormwater Group Meetings)
Considerations for procuring
and contacting street sweeping
services.
Include in Chapter 4.
Providing sufficient water.
Include in Chapter 4.
• Several TAC members commented
that Street Sweeping Operators
return to a municipal facility to refill
water supply while sweeping and
this was not a topic worth including
in the manual.
• Exclude from the manual.
Exclude from the manual.
Chapter 5. Optimizing Existing Street Sweeping Practices Programs
Purpose: Provide guidance for designing sweeping routes and improving efficiency/efficacy of existing programs.
Ideas for Content:
Proposed Action:
TAC Comments:
Decision:
Original Ideas for Content
Literature synthesis to identify
variables that influence
efficiency/efficacy
Include in Chapter 5.
• Recommend putting the literature
synthesis (supporting information)
in an appendix.
Literature synthesis
summary will be provided
at the beginning of the
chapter.
Designing street sweeping
routes
Include in Chapter 5.
Improving efficiency/efficacy of
existing programs
Include in Chapter 5.
Instructions for collecting data
needed to improve; guidance
for how to use the data
Include in Chapter 5.
• Move instructions for collecting data
to Chapter 6. Include guidance for
how to use the data to optimize
program in Chapter 5 (note that
Chapter 3 include guidance for using
data to set priorities).
Move all data collection
topics to Chapter 6. Chapter
5 will describe how to use
the data to optimize street
sweeping programs.
Guidance for developing
performance measures for
street sweeping activities
Include in Chapter 5.
• Move to Chapter 6.
Include in Chapter 5. This
section will reference data
described in Chapter 6, if
necessary.
Additional Ideas for Content (Survey)
Methods to minimize trips to
the dewater/decant facility.
Include in Chapter 5
(24 selections as part
of Survey Question 5).
• Potential method to include: use
drop boxes for water along the
street sweeping route. This requires
a roll off truck that carries the drop
boxes. Also requires a method to
cover the drop boxes during wet
Include in Chapter 5.
weather so the drop boxes do not
fill up.
Using street sweeper tracking
data to improve program
efficiency.
Include in Chapter 5
(36 selections as part
of Survey Question 5).
• Guidance for how to use the data is
already proposed for inclusion in
Chapter 3.
Include in Chapter 5.
Chapter 3 describes how
the data will be used to
identify high priority street
sweeping routes. Chapter 5
will include using data to
improve other aspects of
the program.
Information or data a
jurisdiction might collect…