Quality Assurance Project Plan:
Sharp Avenue Permeable
Pavement Pollutant Removal
Efficacy –SWMP Effectiveness
Study
March 2019
City of Spokane, Washington
Wastewater Management Department
909 East Sprague Avenue
Spokane, Washington 99203
Quality Assurance Project Plan: Sharp Avenue
Permeable Pavement Pollutant Removal Efficacy –
SWMP Effectiveness Study
Prepared for:
Washington State Department of Ecology
(In accordance with S8.B.6 of the Eastern Washington Phase II Municipal
Stormwater Permit [WAR046505])
Funded in part by:
Washington State Department of Ecology
Stormwater Financial Assistance Program
Grant Number: WQC-2016-Spokan-00016
Submitted by:
James George III
Wastewater Management Department
City of Spokane, Washington
Wastewater Management Department
909 East Sprague Avenue
Spokane, Washington 99203
Quality Assurance Project Plan: Sharp Avenue Permeable Pavement Pollutant Removal Efficacy – SWMP
Effectiveness Study
City of Spokane Wastewater Department March 2019
Page 2 of 42
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
2.0
Background ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
2.1
Spokane River Basin …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8
2.2
Permeable Pavement …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
2.3
Regulatory Requirements …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8
2.4
Project Location Area …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
3.0
Logistical Problems ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
3.1
Practical Constraints …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
4.0
Project Desctiption …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
4.1
Sampling Design Overview ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12
4.2
Sampling Parameters of Interest ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 14
5.0
Organization and Schedule …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
5.1
Roles and Responsibilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
5.2
Special Training and Certifications ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 16
5.3
Study Schedule …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
5.4
Project Schedule Limitations ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17
5.5
Sampling Collection Frequency Schedule …………………………………………………………………………………… 18
5.6
Sampling Constituents ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18
5.7
Budget and Funding …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20
6.0
Sampling Process Design (Experimental Design)……………………………………………………………………………. 20
6.1
Design Area ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
6.2
Field Measurements ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
6.3
Storm Event Measurements ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
6.4
Composite Stormwater Samples ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 22
6.5
Storm Events ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
6.6
Observing Rainfall Predictions …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23
6.7
Storm Event Staff Deployment …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23
7.0
Data Quality Objectives………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23
7.1
Decision Quality Objectives (DQOs) ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 24
7.2
Measurement Quality Objectives (MQOs) ………………………………………………………………………………… 24
7.3
Targets for Precision, Bias, and Sensitivity …………………………………………………………………………………. 26
7.3.1
Precision ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26
Quality Assurance Project Plan: Sharp Avenue Permeable Pavement Pollutant Removal Efficacy – SWMP
Effectiveness Study
City of Spokane Wastewater Department March 2019
Page 3 of 42
7.3.2
Bias ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26
7.3.3
Sensitivity ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 26
7.4
Targets for Comparability, Representativeness, and Completeness …………………………………………. 27
7.4.1
Representativeness ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27
7.4.2
Completeness ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27
8.0
Sampling (Field) Procedures ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
8.1
Equipment Decontamination Procedures …………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
8.1.1
Sample Bottles ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
8.1.2
Automated Sampling Equipment ………………………………………………………………………………………… 27
8.2
Sampling Handling and Custody ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
8.2.1
Sample Identification ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
8.2.2
Sample Transportation ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
8.2.3
Sample Preservation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28
8.2.4
Sample Processing ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28
8.2.5
Holding Times ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28
8.2.6
Chain-of-Custody Forms ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29
8.3
Sample Equipment Installation……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
8.4
Sample Equipment Retrieval ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
8.5
Infiltration Testing ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
8.6
Durability Measurements ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30
9.0
Measurement Procedures ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31
9.1
Analytical Methods, Reporting Limits, and Containers ……………………………………………………………….. 31
9.2
Sample Volume Requirements ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31
10.0
Quality Control (QC) Procedures……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
10.1
Field and Lab QC Required …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 31
10.2
Corrective Action Processes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31
11.0
Data Management Procedures ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
11.1
Documents and Records ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
11.2
Field Operation Records ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32
11.2.1
Water Quality Sample Collection ………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
11.2.2
Infiltration Rate Measurements ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 33
11.2.3
Durability Measurements ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
11.3
Laboratory Records………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
Quality Assurance Project Plan: Sharp Avenue Permeable Pavement Pollutant Removal Efficacy – SWMP
Effectiveness Study
City of Spokane Wastewater Department March 2019
Page 4 of 42
11.4
Laboratory Data Verification …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34
12.0
Audits and Reports …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34
12.1
Audits ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 34
12.2
Deficiencies, Nonconformance, and Corrective Action …………………………………………………………… 34
12.2
Reporting ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
12.2.1
Field Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
12.2.2
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Summary ………………………………………………………………… 35
12.2.3
Annual Report …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
12.2.4
International Stormwater BMP Database data upload procedures ………………………………. 36
13.0
Data Verification and Validation ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 36
13.1
Data Review, Verification, and Validation …………………………………………………………………………….. 36
13.2
Verification and Validation Methods ……………………………………………………………………………………… 36
14.0
Data Quality (Usability) Assessment ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
14.1
Data Usability Assessment ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 37
14.2
Data Quality Assessment Metrics ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 37
14.3
Data Analysis Methods …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 38
14.4
Treatment of Non-Detected Values ………………………………………………………………………………………… 38
14.5
Study Design Evaluation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 38
15.0
Revision History ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40
16.0
References ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41
TABLES
Table 1. Roles and Responsibilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15
Table 2. Study Schedule …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
Table 3. Tentative Sample Collection Frequency Schedule …………………………………………………………………….. 18
Table 4. Summary of Sampling Constituents…