Eastern Washington
Stormwater Effectiveness Studies
Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP)
Car Wash Wastewater Management Education and
Outreach Effectiveness Study
Study Classification:
Structural BMP
Operational BMP
Education & Outreach
Study Objective(s):
 Evaluate Effectiveness
Compare Effectiveness
July 2021
Prepared For:
City of Yakima
Stormwater Department
129 N. Second Street
Yakima, Washington 98901
(509) 576-6606
Prepared By:
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
101 S. Stevens Street, Suite 103
Spokane, Washington 99201
(509) 867-3654
City of Yakima
Car Wash Wastewater Management E&O Effectiveness Study
07/12/2021
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QAPP Publication Information
The Study Design Proposal and QAPP will be available to the public on the City of Yakima
website (https://www.yakimawa.gov/services/wastewater-treatment-plant/stormwater/).
QAPP Author and Contact Information
Aimee Navickis-Brasch, PhD, PE
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
Engineering Manager
101 S. Stevens Street, Suite 103
Spokane, WA 99201
[email protected]
(509) 867-3654 Ext. 301
Taylor Hoffman-Ballard
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
Stormwater Engineer
101 S. Stevens Street, Suite 103
Spokane, WA 99201
[email protected]
(509) 867-3654 Ext. 302
MaKenna Lindberg
Engineering Technician
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
1800 112th Avenue NE, Suite 220E
Bellevue, WA 98004
[email protected]
(425) 451-4009 Ext. 108
Nicole Chen
Engineer-In-Training
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
1402 3rd Avenue, Suite 415
Seattle, WA 98101
[email protected]
(206) 628-9133 Ext. 232
Mark Maurer, PE, PLS
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
Senior Stormwater Engineer
101 S. Stevens Street, Suite 103
Spokane, WA 99201
[email protected]
8/25/2021
Brandi Lubliner – e-signed August 26, 2021
8/30/21
City of Yakima
Car Wash Wastewater Management E&O Effectiveness Study
07/12/2021
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Distribution List
This section includes the distribution list for each party who will receive an Ecology-approved
copy of the Proposal.
Name, Title
Organization
Contact Information:
Address, Telephone, E-mail
Randy Meloy
Surface Water Engineer
City of Yakima
[email protected]
(509) 576-6606
Jack Wells
Natural Resource Specialist
Yakima County
[email protected]
(509) 574-2350
Erin Barnett
Stormwater Code Enforcement City of Selah
[email protected]
(509) 698-7331
Raul Sanchez
Wastewater and Storm
Supervisor
City of Sunnyside
[email protected]
(509) 836-6566
David Dominguez
Civil Engineer
City of Union Gap
[email protected]
(509) 249-9211
Jeff Wiemer
Regional Stormwater
Coordinator
Asotin County, City of
Asotin, &
City of Clarkston
[email protected]
(509)-243-2071 Ext. 1430
Bill Aukett
Stormwater Program Manager
City of Moses Lake
[email protected]
(509) 764-3792
Andrea Jedel
Permit Manager
Department of Ecology
[email protected]
(509) 575-2807
Brandi Lubliner
Water Quality Program QA
Reviewer
Department of Ecology
[email protected]
(360) 407-7140
Aimee Navickis-Brasch
Engineering Manager
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
[email protected]
(509) 867-3654 Ext. 301
Taylor Hoffman-Ballard
Stormwater Engineer
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
[email protected]
(509) 867-3654 Ext. 302
MaKenna Lindberg
Engineering Technician
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
[email protected]
(425) 451-4009 Ext. 108
Nicole Chen
Engineer-In-Training
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
[email protected]
(206) 628-9133 Ext. 232
Mark Maurer
Senior Engineer
Osborn Consulting, Inc.
[email protected]
(509) 867-3654
City of Yakima
Car Wash Wastewater Management E&O Effectiveness Study
07/12/2021
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1.0
Table of Contents
QAPP PUBLICATION INFORMATION ……………………………………………………………………………………………….II
QAPP AUTHOR AND CONTACT INFORMATION ……………………………………………………………………………II
SIGNATURE PAGE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. III
DISTRIBUTION LIST …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. IV
1.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….V
2.0
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
3.0
BACKGROUND ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
3.1
THE STORMWATER EDUCATION AND OUTREACH (E&O) PROGRAM………………………………………………….. 3
3.2
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
3.3
RESULTS OF PRIOR STUDIES …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3.1
Prior Study Insight of Target Audience …………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3.2
Literature Defined BMPs ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
3.4
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8
4.0
PROJECT OVERVIEW ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
4.1
STUDY GOAL ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
4.2
STUDY DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES: ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
4.3
STUDY LOCATION AND TARGET POPULATION ………………………………………………………………………………. 10
4.4
DATA NEEDED TO MEET OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
4.5
TASKS REQUIRED TO CONDUCT STUDY ………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
4.6
POTENTIAL CONSTRAINTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
5.0
ORGANIZATION AND SCHEDULE ……………………………………………………………………………………… 17
5.1 KEY PROJECT TEAM MEMBERS: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ………………………………………………………. 17
5.2 PROJECT SCHEDULE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18
5.3 BUDGET AND FUNDING SOURCES …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 20
6.0
QUALITY OBJECTIVES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
7.0
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
7.1
STUDY DESIGN ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24
7.2
PROCESS FOR SELECTING THE TEST-SITE AND TARGET POPULATION ……………………………………………….. 27
7.3
TYPE OF DATA BEING COLLECTED ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27
7.4
IMPLEMENTATION OF E&O PROGRAM COMPONENT DURING THE STUDY ……………………………………….. 29
7.5
OTHER E&O PROGRAMS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
8.0
INSTRUMENT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT …………………………………………………………………… 30
8.1
INSTRUMENT DESIGN ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30
8.2
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOPS) FOR COLLECTING DATA ……………………………………………. 31
8.2.1 Baseline Observational Drive-By Visit ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
8.2.2 Baseline Survey ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
8.2.3 Follow-Up Survey ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
8.2.4 Follow-Up Observational Drive-By Visit ……………………………………………………………………………………. 34
8.3
INSTRUMENT VALIDATION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 34
9.0
QUALITY CONTROL ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
9.1
STUDY QC PROCEDURES ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
City of Yakima
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9.2
CORRECTIVE ACTION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35
10.0
DATA MANAGEMENT PLAN PROCEDURES ……………………………………………………………………… 36
10.1 DATA IDENTIFICATION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 36
10.2 DATA RECORDING & REPORTING REQUIREMENTS …………………………………………………………………………. 36
10.3 PROCEDURES FOR MISSING DATA …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 37
10.4 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR EXISTING DATA …………………………………………………………………………………. 37
11.0
AUDITS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 38
12.0
DATA VERIFICATION AND USABILITY ASSESSMENT ……………………………………………………. 39
12.1 DATA VERIFICATION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39
12.2 DATA USABILITY ASSESSMENT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39
13.0
DATA ANALYSIS METHODS ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40
13.1 QUANTITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS METHODS ………………………………………………………………………………….. 40
13.2 HYPOTHESIS TESTING ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41
13.3 DATA PRESENTATION METHODS: …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41
14.0
REPORTING ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 46
14.1 FINAL REPORTING ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 46
14.2 DISSEMINATION OF PROJECT DOCUMENTS …………………………………………………………………………………….. 46
15.0
REFERENCES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47
16.0
APPENDICES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 50
APPENDIX A: ECOLOGY COMMENT FORM ……………………………………………………………………………………. 51
APPENDIX B: ONLINE SURVEY QUESTIONS ………………………………………………………………………………….. 52
APPENDIX C: OBSERVATIONAL DATA FORM ………………………………………………………………………………. 53
APPENDIX D: E&O PROGRAM MATERIALS …………………………………………………………………………………… 54
APPENDIX D.1 BROCHURE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 55
APPENDIX D.2 FLIER ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 56
APPENDIX D.3 PROGRAM LOGO AND SLOGAN……………………………………………………………………………………….. 57
APPENDIX D.4 TOWEL LOGO, SLOGAN, AND SPILL HOTLINE …………………………………………………………………… 58
APPENDIX D.5 POSTCARD …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 59
APPENDIX E: MEDIA OUTREACH PACKAGE …………………………………………………………………………………. 60
APPENDIX F: CORRECTIVE ACTION TABLE …………………………………………………………………………………… 61
APPENDIX G: AUDIT FORM ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 62
APPENDIX H: CONFIRMATION OF CONTRIBUTING ENTITY ROLE LETTERS ………………………….. 63
City of Yakima
Car Wash Wastewater Management E&O Effectiveness Study
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2.0
Executive Summary
Under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Separate Storm
Sewer Systems (MS4s) Phase II Permit (Permit), jurisdictions such as the City of Yakima,
Washington, (Yakima) are required by Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) in
Eastern Washington (EWA) to manage discharges from their MS4s. The Permit requires
Permittees to evaluate the effectiveness of a Permit-required stormwater management program
(S8 Monitoring and Assessment) and conduct studies on education and outreach…