Summary: Template for Economy and Health Logic Model; universal human right to economic development, linking human rights and equity to health outcomes
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH
Economic development is a process in which an economy grows and becomes more advanced, especially when both economic and social conditions, thus living
standards, are improvedi. ‘Improved living standards’ refers to higher levels of education, literacy and earned income; better health and well-being; and longer
lifespans. Ultimately, it’s a process of improving the quality of life of a communityii. Economic development encompasses both growth and welfare economicsiii.
There’s an intricate relationship between economic development and health. One on hand, health and well-being can be outcomes of economic development.
People with higher average incomes tend to live longer and experience fewer years of disability; while lower income and greater poverty are strongly associated
with higher mortality rates. On the other, health can be a key determinant of economic development and poverty reduction. People with poor health have reduced
ability to participate in the paid labor force and reduced productivity while at work. In brief, our health and our economy are mutually dependent.
How we develop our industries and business shapes the health and prosperity of our county and region. Economic diversification and investments in both places
and people can fuel growth. However, not all economic growth benefits everyone equally. For all to enjoy wealth, health and an improved living standard, growth
must be done inclusively and investments targeted equitably. Many “inclusive growth and infrastructure investment†strategies and policies identified below aim to
spur growth in distressed places, lift the vulnerable populations out of poverty, and raise the living standards for everyone. Not until growth occurs inclusively,
health disparities between the “haves†and the “have-nots†will continue to exist.
The Logic Model
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
Economic
Diversification
• Apply research and data to analyze and identify our county’s unique
capabilities, strengths and human capital assets, including
infrastructure, talent and institutions.
• Build on existing capabilities to identify opportunities to diversify and
grow the economy.
• Preserve and enhance diversity of employment sectors.
• Provide further opportunities to grow and host advanced industries.
• Prioritize investments in developing high-demand skills, technology,
and research and development.
• Nurture conditions for innovations into new products and services.
• Develop land-use strategies to support diversification.
• Increased attraction of quality
jobs supported by diverse pool
of skilled labors.
• Increased growth in advanced
manufacturing industries.
• Increased number of jobs that
are reliable and offer decent
wages to match the cost of
living and desired quality of
life.
• Improved health and well-
being of populations.
• Improved standard of living.
• Reduced poverty.
• Improved local wealth and the
overall economy.
• Improved quality of life.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Protect sufficient land for high potential economic use for long-term
job growth and stability.
• Support primary industries, such as agriculture, mineral extraction
and forestry, through resource land preservation, etc.
• Support local food production and distribution.
• Elevate manual, shared, and seasonal labor and cultivation.
• Foster, retain and expand small and local businesses.
• Create diverse opportunities to bring living-wage jobs to communities.
• Increased disposable income
for families to access healthy
foods and health care.
• Increased access to local
foods and healthy diet.
• Increased wealth to invest in
better health care systems and
services.
• Broadened tax base.
Inclusive
Growthiv
• Nurture workforce ownership and entrepreneurship to build
community wealth.
• Engage and empower diverse employees to allow direct input in
agency functions and support employee retention.
• Engage local businesses in developing strategies to address
displacement due to gentrification.
• Build a place-based economy with local residents to ensure wealth
stays local.
• Retain and create living-wage jobs in conjunction with affordable
housing.
• Direct capital toward minority-owned firms and disadvantage
business enterprisesv.
• Incentivize disadvantage business enterprises and remove barriers to
renovate and operate in devalued areas.
• Acknowledge and reward employers and business owners who
provide living wage jobs, high quality work environments and
opportunities for advancement.
• Increased access to
opportunities for upward
mobility for all.
• Increased equity into local
economy and wealth retained
in local community.
• Increased number of local
business startup and retention.
• Improved health and well-
being of populations.
• Improved standard of living for
all.
• Reduced poverty.
• Reduced wealth gap.
• Improved local wealth and the
overall economy.
• Reduced health disparities
across different income
groups.
• Increased social and economic
equity in local communities.
• Increased sense of place and
ownership.
• Improved quality of life.
• Improved inclusiveness.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Develop partnerships and programs to support small, local, women or
minority-owned businesses and entrepreneurs to navigate community
resources.
• Encourage a hire-local policy.
• Create and fund an ecosystem of support for cooperative
development and entrepreneurship to fuel local economyvi.
Infrastructure
Investmentvii
• Ensure infrastructural investments, including new technologies, are
equitable and inclusive to improve the social and economic
conditions of distressed neighborhoods and meet the needs that
matter most to residents.
• Target infrastructure investments in underserved neighborhoods.
• Identify key infrastructure needs by sector, based on
capabilities/priorities and proximity to areas of population density.
• Coordinate with the Port, the Tribes, and other agencies to explore,
opportunities for shared long-term investments.
• Use analytics to identify and address transit and other service
deserts.
• Invest in placemaking strategies, services and amenities, creative
arts and culture, affordable sustainable housing, and education
system schools to attract competitive businesses and inspire talented
workforce.
• Confront the area’s high cost of living by improving affordable access
to housing and transportation choices.
• Expand access to affordable transportation options in underserved
neighborhoods to connect the underserved populations with jobs.
• Mobilize resources and investments around Opportunity Zones.
• Encourage healthy retail along main streets and transit corridorsviii.
• Increased household income.
• Improved social and economic
conditions and equity of all
neighborhoods by redirecting
investments in distressed
areas.
• Improved jobs-housing
balance/match.
• Increased access to affordable
transportation and housing
choices in low-income
neighborhoods.
• Increased prosperity across all
neighborhoods.
• Reduced poverty.
• Reduced social and economic
disparities across
neighborhoods.
• Increased physical and cultural
capitals.
• Reduced health disparities.
• Improved overall health and
well-being.
• Improved quality of life.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Ensure safe and affordable housing and transit options to help lift
families’ financial prospects.
• Expand multimodal options, capacity and connectivity to move people
and freight, while addressing climate challenges.
• Invest in sustainable infrastructure to support a green economy.
• Focus investments and new growth in urban areas and centers to
capitalize infrastructure investments.
Workforce
Development
• Utilize data to show local labor market dynamics and employment
prospects.
• Focus business and career opportunities on new and emerging
products and services.
• Work with local industries and businesses and community-based
organizations to identify skills-in-demand within the community.
• Link training to the needs of local employers and anchor institutionsix,
and create support services.
• Identify employment barriers by inclusively engage the underserved
communities.
• Work with academia and training agencies to align training with
emerging human resource needs.
• Support regional and local culture of professional and organization
development of relying on good research, data, metrics and tools,
monitoring social and economic trends of neighborhoods, as well as
acquiring local economic insights, understanding of strengths and
weaknesses, and public consultation skills to persuade investments
in distressed neighborhoods.
• Invest in children's exposure to skill development, youth programs
and events across all sectors.
• Increased number of trained
workforces that matches
sought-after jobs and
emerging industries.
• Increased educational
opportunities, besides the
traditional 4-year college
program, to match the diverse
available jobs.
• Improved leadership and
organizational culture.
• Improved worker health and
reduced absenteeism from
work to ensure a stable and
health workforce to support the
economy.
• Increased attraction of quality
jobs supported by diverse pool
of skilled labors.
• Improved labor readiness to
meet emerging industry needs.
• Increased human capital.
• Improved standard of living.
• Increased household income.
• Improved overall health and
well-being of populations.
• Reduced poverty.
• Improved quality of life.
• Improved standard of livingxi xii.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Provide access to equal opportunity in life-long learning to re-skillx for
upward mobility.
• Work with local organizations to provide job opportunities upon
completion of training.
• Seek public and private partnerships to improve job quality and build
a lifelong learning infrastructure.
• Provide people’s access to training, skills and services.
• Provide health benefits to support labor force.
• Develop a skilled work force to be employed in family wage jobs (e.g.
plumbers, carpenters, etc.) by supporting STEM Education in
Schools, Technical Education Programs, Trade Apprenticeships, etc.
Develop and
Fund an Action
Plan
• Develop an action plan and land-use strategies to implement
economic development goals and policies adopted in the
comprehensive plan.
• Build coalition among local government, business owners, academia,
local community development organizations and non-profit groups,
such as South Sound Alliance, for policy and funding advocacy at the
state and federal level.
• Build shared agenda and areas of mutual-interest collaboration with
Tribes and the Port.
• Seek sustainable funding and public-private partnership to implement
the plan and improve business climate, such as: establish revolving
loan funds, business retention and expansion programs and finance
projects, develop or incentivize real estate investment, etc.
• Increased growth and
prosperity.
• Increased funding to support
local economy and distressed
neighborhoods.
• Improved social and economic
conditions of all communities
and neighborhoods.
• Increased financial capital.
• Improved standard of living.
• Improved overall health and
well-being of populations.
• Improved quality of life.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Research Evidence
Escobari, Marcela, Ian Seyal, Jose Morales-Arilla, and Chad Shearer. 2019. Growing cities that work for all: A capability-based approach to regional economic
competitiveness. Washington, DC: Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/research/growing-cities-that-work-for-all-a-capability-based-approach-to-regional-
economic-competitiveness/.
Frakt, Austin B. 2018. “How the Economy Affects Health.†Journal of the American Medical Association 319, no. 12: 1187-1188.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.1739.
Hagan, Erin, and Victor Rubin. 2013. Economic and Community Development Outcomes of Healthy Food Retail. Oakland, CA: PolicyLink.
https://www.policylink.org/sites/default/files/final_her_economic_white_paper_final_1%2018%2013.pdf.
Husain, Muhammad Jami. 2009. “Contribution of Health to Economic Development: A Survey and Overview.â€
Kiel Institute for the World Economy. Economics Discussion Papers No. 2009-40. http://www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/discussionpapers/2009-40.
Khuller, D., and Chokshi, D. 2018. “Health, Income, & Poverty: Where We Are & What Could Helpâ€. Health Affairs Health Policy Brief.
https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hpb20180817.901935/full/.
Martinez, Stephen, Michael S. Hand, Michelle Da Pra, Susan Pollack, Katherine Ralston, Travis Smith, Stephen Vogel, Shellye Clark, Luanne Lohr, Sarah A. Low,
and Constance Newman. 2010. Local Food Systems: Concepts, Impacts, and Issues. U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Report No. (ERR-97)
87 pp. https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=46395.
Master Card Center for Inclusive Growth. 2019. “Finding the Path to Inclusive Growth: A Data-Driven Blueprint for Cities.†Accessed April 23, 2020.
https://www.mastercardcenter.org/insights/finding-the-path-to-inclusive-growth.
Master Card Center for Inclusive Growth. 2019. “Leaving No Place Behind in the Digital Economy.†Accessed April 23, 2020.
https://www.mastercardcenter.org/insights/leaving-no-place-behind-in-the-digital-economy.
Muller, N., et al. 2018. “The Distribution of Income Is Worse Than You Think: Including Pollution Impacts into Measures of Income Inequality.†PLOS ONE.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192461.
World Health Organization. “Poverty and Healthâ€. Accessed April 27, 2020. https://www.who.int/hdp/poverty/en/.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Endnotes
i “Economic development-definitions.†Accessed April 27, 2020. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/economic-development, and
https://marketbusinessnews.com/financial-glossary/economic-development/.
ii John Spacey. 2018. “25 Types of Economic Development.†Simplicable. Posted on May 08, 2018. Accessed April 27, 2020.
https://simplicable.com/new/economic-development.
iii Wikipedia definition of “welfare economics.†Accessed April 27, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_economics.
iv Master Card Center for Inclusive Growth. “Inclusive Growth Toolkit.†Accessed April 23, 2020. https://inclusivegrowthscore.com/.
v US Department of Transportation. “Definition of a Disadvantaged Business Enterprise.†Accessed June 2, 2020.…
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH
Economic development is a process in which an economy grows and becomes more advanced, especially when both economic and social conditions, thus living
standards, are improvedi. ‘Improved living standards’ refers to higher levels of education, literacy and earned income; better health and well-being; and longer
lifespans. Ultimately, it’s a process of improving the quality of life of a communityii. Economic development encompasses both growth and welfare economicsiii.
There’s an intricate relationship between economic development and health. One on hand, health and well-being can be outcomes of economic development.
People with higher average incomes tend to live longer and experience fewer years of disability; while lower income and greater poverty are strongly associated
with higher mortality rates. On the other, health can be a key determinant of economic development and poverty reduction. People with poor health have reduced
ability to participate in the paid labor force and reduced productivity while at work. In brief, our health and our economy are mutually dependent.
How we develop our industries and business shapes the health and prosperity of our county and region. Economic diversification and investments in both places
and people can fuel growth. However, not all economic growth benefits everyone equally. For all to enjoy wealth, health and an improved living standard, growth
must be done inclusively and investments targeted equitably. Many “inclusive growth and infrastructure investment†strategies and policies identified below aim to
spur growth in distressed places, lift the vulnerable populations out of poverty, and raise the living standards for everyone. Not until growth occurs inclusively,
health disparities between the “haves†and the “have-nots†will continue to exist.
The Logic Model
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
Economic
Diversification
• Apply research and data to analyze and identify our county’s unique
capabilities, strengths and human capital assets, including
infrastructure, talent and institutions.
• Build on existing capabilities to identify opportunities to diversify and
grow the economy.
• Preserve and enhance diversity of employment sectors.
• Provide further opportunities to grow and host advanced industries.
• Prioritize investments in developing high-demand skills, technology,
and research and development.
• Nurture conditions for innovations into new products and services.
• Develop land-use strategies to support diversification.
• Increased attraction of quality
jobs supported by diverse pool
of skilled labors.
• Increased growth in advanced
manufacturing industries.
• Increased number of jobs that
are reliable and offer decent
wages to match the cost of
living and desired quality of
life.
• Improved health and well-
being of populations.
• Improved standard of living.
• Reduced poverty.
• Improved local wealth and the
overall economy.
• Improved quality of life.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Protect sufficient land for high potential economic use for long-term
job growth and stability.
• Support primary industries, such as agriculture, mineral extraction
and forestry, through resource land preservation, etc.
• Support local food production and distribution.
• Elevate manual, shared, and seasonal labor and cultivation.
• Foster, retain and expand small and local businesses.
• Create diverse opportunities to bring living-wage jobs to communities.
• Increased disposable income
for families to access healthy
foods and health care.
• Increased access to local
foods and healthy diet.
• Increased wealth to invest in
better health care systems and
services.
• Broadened tax base.
Inclusive
Growthiv
• Nurture workforce ownership and entrepreneurship to build
community wealth.
• Engage and empower diverse employees to allow direct input in
agency functions and support employee retention.
• Engage local businesses in developing strategies to address
displacement due to gentrification.
• Build a place-based economy with local residents to ensure wealth
stays local.
• Retain and create living-wage jobs in conjunction with affordable
housing.
• Direct capital toward minority-owned firms and disadvantage
business enterprisesv.
• Incentivize disadvantage business enterprises and remove barriers to
renovate and operate in devalued areas.
• Acknowledge and reward employers and business owners who
provide living wage jobs, high quality work environments and
opportunities for advancement.
• Increased access to
opportunities for upward
mobility for all.
• Increased equity into local
economy and wealth retained
in local community.
• Increased number of local
business startup and retention.
• Improved health and well-
being of populations.
• Improved standard of living for
all.
• Reduced poverty.
• Reduced wealth gap.
• Improved local wealth and the
overall economy.
• Reduced health disparities
across different income
groups.
• Increased social and economic
equity in local communities.
• Increased sense of place and
ownership.
• Improved quality of life.
• Improved inclusiveness.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Develop partnerships and programs to support small, local, women or
minority-owned businesses and entrepreneurs to navigate community
resources.
• Encourage a hire-local policy.
• Create and fund an ecosystem of support for cooperative
development and entrepreneurship to fuel local economyvi.
Infrastructure
Investmentvii
• Ensure infrastructural investments, including new technologies, are
equitable and inclusive to improve the social and economic
conditions of distressed neighborhoods and meet the needs that
matter most to residents.
• Target infrastructure investments in underserved neighborhoods.
• Identify key infrastructure needs by sector, based on
capabilities/priorities and proximity to areas of population density.
• Coordinate with the Port, the Tribes, and other agencies to explore,
opportunities for shared long-term investments.
• Use analytics to identify and address transit and other service
deserts.
• Invest in placemaking strategies, services and amenities, creative
arts and culture, affordable sustainable housing, and education
system schools to attract competitive businesses and inspire talented
workforce.
• Confront the area’s high cost of living by improving affordable access
to housing and transportation choices.
• Expand access to affordable transportation options in underserved
neighborhoods to connect the underserved populations with jobs.
• Mobilize resources and investments around Opportunity Zones.
• Encourage healthy retail along main streets and transit corridorsviii.
• Increased household income.
• Improved social and economic
conditions and equity of all
neighborhoods by redirecting
investments in distressed
areas.
• Improved jobs-housing
balance/match.
• Increased access to affordable
transportation and housing
choices in low-income
neighborhoods.
• Increased prosperity across all
neighborhoods.
• Reduced poverty.
• Reduced social and economic
disparities across
neighborhoods.
• Increased physical and cultural
capitals.
• Reduced health disparities.
• Improved overall health and
well-being.
• Improved quality of life.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Ensure safe and affordable housing and transit options to help lift
families’ financial prospects.
• Expand multimodal options, capacity and connectivity to move people
and freight, while addressing climate challenges.
• Invest in sustainable infrastructure to support a green economy.
• Focus investments and new growth in urban areas and centers to
capitalize infrastructure investments.
Workforce
Development
• Utilize data to show local labor market dynamics and employment
prospects.
• Focus business and career opportunities on new and emerging
products and services.
• Work with local industries and businesses and community-based
organizations to identify skills-in-demand within the community.
• Link training to the needs of local employers and anchor institutionsix,
and create support services.
• Identify employment barriers by inclusively engage the underserved
communities.
• Work with academia and training agencies to align training with
emerging human resource needs.
• Support regional and local culture of professional and organization
development of relying on good research, data, metrics and tools,
monitoring social and economic trends of neighborhoods, as well as
acquiring local economic insights, understanding of strengths and
weaknesses, and public consultation skills to persuade investments
in distressed neighborhoods.
• Invest in children's exposure to skill development, youth programs
and events across all sectors.
• Increased number of trained
workforces that matches
sought-after jobs and
emerging industries.
• Increased educational
opportunities, besides the
traditional 4-year college
program, to match the diverse
available jobs.
• Improved leadership and
organizational culture.
• Improved worker health and
reduced absenteeism from
work to ensure a stable and
health workforce to support the
economy.
• Increased attraction of quality
jobs supported by diverse pool
of skilled labors.
• Improved labor readiness to
meet emerging industry needs.
• Increased human capital.
• Improved standard of living.
• Increased household income.
• Improved overall health and
well-being of populations.
• Reduced poverty.
• Improved quality of life.
• Improved standard of livingxi xii.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Input / Impact
Area
Strategies/ Policies
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcomes
• Provide access to equal opportunity in life-long learning to re-skillx for
upward mobility.
• Work with local organizations to provide job opportunities upon
completion of training.
• Seek public and private partnerships to improve job quality and build
a lifelong learning infrastructure.
• Provide people’s access to training, skills and services.
• Provide health benefits to support labor force.
• Develop a skilled work force to be employed in family wage jobs (e.g.
plumbers, carpenters, etc.) by supporting STEM Education in
Schools, Technical Education Programs, Trade Apprenticeships, etc.
Develop and
Fund an Action
Plan
• Develop an action plan and land-use strategies to implement
economic development goals and policies adopted in the
comprehensive plan.
• Build coalition among local government, business owners, academia,
local community development organizations and non-profit groups,
such as South Sound Alliance, for policy and funding advocacy at the
state and federal level.
• Build shared agenda and areas of mutual-interest collaboration with
Tribes and the Port.
• Seek sustainable funding and public-private partnership to implement
the plan and improve business climate, such as: establish revolving
loan funds, business retention and expansion programs and finance
projects, develop or incentivize real estate investment, etc.
• Increased growth and
prosperity.
• Increased funding to support
local economy and distressed
neighborhoods.
• Improved social and economic
conditions of all communities
and neighborhoods.
• Increased financial capital.
• Improved standard of living.
• Improved overall health and
well-being of populations.
• Improved quality of life.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Research Evidence
Escobari, Marcela, Ian Seyal, Jose Morales-Arilla, and Chad Shearer. 2019. Growing cities that work for all: A capability-based approach to regional economic
competitiveness. Washington, DC: Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/research/growing-cities-that-work-for-all-a-capability-based-approach-to-regional-
economic-competitiveness/.
Frakt, Austin B. 2018. “How the Economy Affects Health.†Journal of the American Medical Association 319, no. 12: 1187-1188.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.1739.
Hagan, Erin, and Victor Rubin. 2013. Economic and Community Development Outcomes of Healthy Food Retail. Oakland, CA: PolicyLink.
https://www.policylink.org/sites/default/files/final_her_economic_white_paper_final_1%2018%2013.pdf.
Husain, Muhammad Jami. 2009. “Contribution of Health to Economic Development: A Survey and Overview.â€
Kiel Institute for the World Economy. Economics Discussion Papers No. 2009-40. http://www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/discussionpapers/2009-40.
Khuller, D., and Chokshi, D. 2018. “Health, Income, & Poverty: Where We Are & What Could Helpâ€. Health Affairs Health Policy Brief.
https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hpb20180817.901935/full/.
Martinez, Stephen, Michael S. Hand, Michelle Da Pra, Susan Pollack, Katherine Ralston, Travis Smith, Stephen Vogel, Shellye Clark, Luanne Lohr, Sarah A. Low,
and Constance Newman. 2010. Local Food Systems: Concepts, Impacts, and Issues. U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Report No. (ERR-97)
87 pp. https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=46395.
Master Card Center for Inclusive Growth. 2019. “Finding the Path to Inclusive Growth: A Data-Driven Blueprint for Cities.†Accessed April 23, 2020.
https://www.mastercardcenter.org/insights/finding-the-path-to-inclusive-growth.
Master Card Center for Inclusive Growth. 2019. “Leaving No Place Behind in the Digital Economy.†Accessed April 23, 2020.
https://www.mastercardcenter.org/insights/leaving-no-place-behind-in-the-digital-economy.
Muller, N., et al. 2018. “The Distribution of Income Is Worse Than You Think: Including Pollution Impacts into Measures of Income Inequality.†PLOS ONE.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192461.
World Health Organization. “Poverty and Healthâ€. Accessed April 27, 2020. https://www.who.int/hdp/poverty/en/.
ECONOMY AND HEALTH LOGIC MODEL
(SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 -CMOS)
Endnotes
i “Economic development-definitions.†Accessed April 27, 2020. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/economic-development, and
https://marketbusinessnews.com/financial-glossary/economic-development/.
ii John Spacey. 2018. “25 Types of Economic Development.†Simplicable. Posted on May 08, 2018. Accessed April 27, 2020.
https://simplicable.com/new/economic-development.
iii Wikipedia definition of “welfare economics.†Accessed April 27, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_economics.
iv Master Card Center for Inclusive Growth. “Inclusive Growth Toolkit.†Accessed April 23, 2020. https://inclusivegrowthscore.com/.
v US Department of Transportation. “Definition of a Disadvantaged Business Enterprise.†Accessed June 2, 2020.…
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